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Reading X: The Urbanisation of Europe, 1100-1300

12th Century has some problems about religion in Europe. There were some revolt against bishops, archbishops and these kind of community especially in Rome. France did not want to encounter any revolt and they order these religious people and they limited their decisions. Actually, these revolt situation has some positive qualities like what happen in southern France. In Montraiol, people accepted Alphonses'  offer and they started to settle near Toulouse. Even they have some connection with Toulouse, they are more independent when compared with before.
Principal differences firstly occured in western urbanism. Some of them decline Roman civilization system and for a result, new class type occured in feudal system. They are against nobility and church and they have strong connection with trade. This situation helps to improvement of architecture. There were new type of building occured like guild halls,torehouses,market building and etc. Also streets and public spacec shape around this trade idea. So industrialization change somethin in city.
Reorganization is other thing in these times. Moritauban is first example for that. Even if lots of attempt result in negative way, Some of them reach what it needs and they will become a big city in industry era.
In meditarrenean, there are lots of islamic cities like Cordoba, Baghdad, Cairo and etc. Their population is much more than Europe. This limited population is helps to reorganization in Europe.

The Old Towns

Gothic theme is important characteristic idea in old cities especially which do not have liberty. While some of them use Roman Empires technique, other than benefit from Germanic kingdoms. This regrouping affect metropolis' directly.  Rome is one of them. Power of Rome, gain importance after trade system. To convince nobles they also use gems and rare stones.  Trade idea also affect cities defence. To protect pilgrims city walls change in some manner. Protecting people is just an idea in here. Government did not want to over grow because shopkeepers and traders are place in center of the city and to maintain their effect settlement should be remain ordered.
Circular shape is most effective prefer for this cities. Also geographic location is other important thing in trade. People first recognize it in where have lakes and rivers. Venice one of the most important one. They decide trade routes on water. When we look at Venice sea and river meet in this town so they make trade with other communities. Interestingly, city form save in well manner and it not change in next times.
Canals also important in Venice. For instance Grand Canal. Its center of the trade.
All in all we can say that communities have some obstacles when they shape their city but after this change their life shape around these changes. Center axes of trade is in Europe's low countries. And water is much more effective way to trade when it compared with land.

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